Editorial 25(4)

Bez nazwy-254

254-259 Grenga

Osteoarthritis (OA), also erroneously called degenerative joint disease, represents failure of a diarthrodial joint. In idiopathic OA, the most common form of the disease, no predisposing factor is apparent. Secondary OA is pathologically indistinguishable from idiopathic OA, but is attributable to an underlying cause, such as trauma or metabolic and endocrine diseases.1 Major trauma and repeti...

NpgRJ_NG_2007-63 249..254

Mammalian mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is inherited principally down the maternal line, but the mechanisms involved are not fully understood. Females harboring a mixture of mutant and wild-type mtDNA (heteroplasmy) transmit a varying proportion of mutant mtDNA to their offspring. In humans with mtDNA disorders, the proportion of mutated mtDNA inherited from the mother correlates with disease sever...

Ajcn28449b 254..257

Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is an atypical member of the FGF family that functions as an endocrine hormone. Pharmacologic studies show that FGF21 has broadmetabolic actions in obese rodents and primates that include enhancing insulin sensitivity, decreasing triglyceride concentrations, and causing weight loss. In lean rodents, FGF21 expression is strongly induced in liver by prolonged f...

TEST THEORYx # 254

1. the decomposition of obtained scores into true and error components (20, 32, 66, 81, 90); 2. the duality of psychophysics and psychometrics (16, 72, 73, 88, 91); 3. the notion of unidimensionality (33, 34, 51, 68); 4. the conception of test validity as theoretical equivalence, usually called construct validity (21); 5. the scaling ideas derived from various item characteristic curve models (...